Before you jump down my throat, no, Dominion wasn't the first tabletop game with deckbuilding in it, with predecessors like StarCraft: The Board Game. Dominion was, however, the first to build an entire game around the mechanic, giving birth to the genre that would hop to PC with Dream Quest, Slay the Spire, Monster Train, and so on...
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The original tabletop deckbuilder Dominion is free-to-play on Steam, with AI powered by neural networks
Source: PC Gamer (opens in a new tab)